Association between body mass index and burnout among nurses in China: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: Body mass index (BMI) can affect an individual's health. The night shift is a characteristic of the nursing profession, which is associated with an abnormal BMI. However, few studies have investigated the association between BMI and burnout in Chinese nurses. This study examined the association between BMI and burnout among Chinese nurses. METHODS: A total of 1863 nurses from 12 tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province of China were selected. BMI was calculated as body weight divided by height squared. The Maslach Burnout Service Inventory General Survey (MBI-GS) was used to measure the level of burnout among nurses. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyse the association between BMI and burnout. RESULTS: In this study, the prevalence of normal BMI, underweight, overweight, and obesity was 69.2%, 7.5%, 18.2%, and 5.2%, respectively. The prevalence of high emotional exhaustion, high cynicism, and low personal accomplishment among nurses was 26.1%, 38.7%, and 35.6%, respectively. Nurses who were obese were more likely to have high levels of emotional exhaustion (OR=1.493, 95% CI: 1.011 to 2.206) and cynicism (OR=1.511, 95% CI: 1.014 to 2.253), and nurses who were underweight were more likely to have high levels of cynicism (OR=1.593, 95% CI: 1.137 to 2.232) compared with those who were normal weight. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity was positively associated with emotional exhaustion and cynicism, and being underweight was only positively associated with cynicism among Chinese nurses. Hospital administrators should consider BMI when taking effective measures to reduce burnout among nurses.

The association between fear of future workplace violence and depressive symptoms among nurses based on different experiences of workplace violence: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Fear of future workplace violence (FFWV) has a negative impact on individuals' health. However, no study has investigated the association between FFWV and depressive symptoms. Nurses with different experiences of workplace violence may have different levels of FFWV and differences in mental health. This study explored the association between FFWV and depressive symptoms among Chinese nurses with different experiences of workplace violence. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1888 Chinese nurses from 12 tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province. The Fear of Future Violence at Work scale was used to measure FFWV. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between FFWV and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 45.9% (no aggression group: 24.3%; non-physical violence group: 46.1%; physical violence group: 63.7%), and 72.8% of nurses had high levels of fear of future workplace violence (no aggression group: 60.2%; non-physical violence group: 75.6%; physical violence group: 70.8%). Compared with low levels of FFWV, high levels of FFWV were associated with more depressive symptoms among nurses in the no aggression group (odds ratio [OR] = 3.269, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.102-9.695) and in the non-physical violence group (OR = 2.338, 95% CI: 1.385-3.945). CONCLUSION: Nurses who had experienced physical violence had the most depressive symptoms and nurses with experience of non-physical violence had the greatest FFWV. Our findings suggested that there was a significant association between FFWV and depressive symptoms among Chinese nurses in the no aggression and non-physical violence groups. Hospital administrators need to address FFWV needs when developing strategies to reduce depressive symptoms among nurses.

The role of surgical management of BCG vaccine-induced regional suppurative lymphadenitis in children: a 7 years' experience from one medical center.

BACKGROUND: The management strategy of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine-induced regional suppurative lymphadenitis in children is still controversial and more clinical studies are needed. We therefore present a surgical case series to explore the role of surgical management for this dilemma. METHODS: From January 2013 to June 2020, data from 65 patients diagnosed with BCG vaccine-induced regional suppurative lymphadenitis were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical characteristics, ultrasonographic findings, surgical procedures, perioperative management, and outcome were analyzed. The association between postoperative seroma and symptom duration, skin involvement, and postoperative hospital stay were compared using Yates's corrected Chi-square test and Student's t-test for statistical analysis. The follow-up period ranged from three to six months. RESULTS: Of the 65 cases, the median age at presentation was 3.4 months. All patients were full-term with normal range of birth weight and received a BCG vaccination in the first 24 h of life. All patients underwent surgical excision of the abscess with the involved lymph node(s). Postoperative seroma formation was found in 20 patients and fine needle aspiration was needed. There was no significant association between postoperative seroma formation with symptom duration, skin involvement, and postoperative hospital stay. No oral anti-tubercular agents were given postoperatively. The mean length of postoperative hospital stay was 6.02 ± 1.62 days. Sixty-four cases (98.46%) received only one procedure and recovered. One patient required a second procedure due to postoperative sinus. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that surgical excision of the abscess with involved lymph node(s) is one of the choices for BCG vaccine-induced suppurative lymphadenitis, but special attention should be paid to controlling the surgical indications. Intraoperative meticulous manipulation and postoperative care are crucial to achieve a good outcome.

An electricity price model with consideration to load and gas price effects.

Some characteristics of the electricity load and prices are studied, and the relationship between electricity prices and gas (fuel) prices is analyzed in this paper. Because electricity prices are strongly dependent on load and gas prices, the authors constructed a model for electricity prices based on the effects of these two factors; and used the Geometric Mean Reversion Brownian Motion (GMRBM) model to describe the electricity load process, and a Geometric Brownian Motion(GBM) model to describe the gas prices; deduced the price stochastic process model based on the above load model and gas price model. This paper also presents methods for parameters estimation, and proposes some methods to solve the model.